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B. PROPOSED LECTURE OUTLINE BY CLASS
I.
SECTION I: BASIC PRINCIPLES
1) Overview of EM; TEM, SEM, STEM, AEM; and general review of specimen preparation.
2) Nature of electrons; Corpuscular and wave properties. Diffraction and
Resolution; the need for EM.
3) Electron-Specimen Interactions.
II. SECTION II: TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
4) Basic Design of the TEM.
5) Vacuum systems; Rotary, Diffusion, Turbo, Molecular Ion, Sublimation Adsorption
and Cryo pumps; Pirani and Penning Gauges.
6) The illumination system; The electron gun, filament, work function, biased
and non biasedguns, anode and accelerating voltage.
III. PRACTICUM I
8) Tungsten, cerium/lanthanum hexaboride and field emission guns.
9) Electromagnetic lenses and pole pieces; chromatic, and spherical abberation
and pincushion and barrel distortion.
10) Proposed field trip to USC.
11) Electron lenses; condenser, objective, intermediate and projector lenses.
IV. SECTION III: SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
12) Basic design differences between TEM and SEM.
13) Imaging system; Depth of focus, magnification and contrast.
V. PRACTICUM II.
15) Filament Image demagnification, 1o and 2 o electron detectors.
16) Current density, Beam brightness; effects on sgnal, noise, gain and specimen
beam interactions.
17) Signal Amplifier, Waveform generator and CRT.
18) Stereo-microscopy and image manipulation.
VI. SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
19) Basic design differneces between TEM, SEM and STEM.
VII. ANALYTICAL ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
20) Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis. Theory of characteristic and
continuumX-ray
emission. EDS Video.
21) X-ray detection; Collector, FET and MCA.
22) Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis. Theory of X-ray diffraction.
Braggs Law and Roland Circle; X-ray detection and gas flow proportional
counters .
23) Electron Energy Loss and Auger Spectroscopy.
VIII. PRACTICUM III.
IX. MICROGRAPH INTERPRETATION AND SPECIALIZED TECHNIQUES.
24) Applications of EM for studying spacial organization and temporal and
kinetic processes in cells.
25) EM Project Discussions.
26) Micrograph Interpretation.
27) Fixation, Osmolarity, dehydration and instrumental artifacts.
28) Specialized techniques in EM I : Autoradiography, freeze etch,
cryomicroscopy,
high voltage E.M.
29) Specialized techniques in EM II: Immuno-
cytochemistry, negative staining,
plasma etch, rotary shadowing etc.
X. FINAL EXAM.
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